Journal: Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio)

Article Title: Conversion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in Wharton's jelly to dopaminergic neurons in vitro: potential therapeutic application for Parkinsonism.

doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0053

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. The grouping and scheme of in vitro incubation of HUMSCs. Tyrosine hydroxylase–positive populations were gener- ated from undifferentiated HUMSCs by a three-step in vitro differ- entiation method. Abbreviations: DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Ea- gle’s medium; FBS, fetal bovine serum; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; HUMSC, human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell; NCM, neuronal-conditioned medium; Shh, sonic hedgehog.

Article Snippet: In stage 3, cells were supplemented with NCM or 10% FBS-DMEM in the presence of the murine N-terminal fragment of sonic hedgehog (SHH) (500 ng/ml, 461-SH, R&D Systems Inc., Minneapolis, http://www.rndsystems.com) and murine FGF8 isoform b (FGF8) (100 ng/ml, 423-F8, R&D Systems Inc.) for 3, 6, 9, or 12 days.

Techniques: In Vitro, Incubation, Modification

Journal: Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio)

Article Title: Conversion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in Wharton's jelly to dopaminergic neurons in vitro: potential therapeutic application for Parkinsonism.

doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0053

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. HUMSC differentiation into dopaminergic, norepinephrine, and GABAergic neurons in vitro. (A): Photomicrographs showing TH immunocytochemistry of cultured HUMSCs. The cells expressed TH after incubation with NCM for 6 days and then SHH and FGF8 in DMEM for 3 days. In addition to TH-positive neurons, DBH-positive (B) and GAD-positive (C) neurons were detected. Human-specific nuclear antigen are in green, and DBH and GAD are in red. Arrows indicate cells stained positively for TH, DBH, or GAD. Scale bar 100 m. (D): Histograms showing the percentage of TH-positive cells after incubation with NCM, SHH, and FGF8. (Results represent the mean standard error from three different experiments. At least 200 cells were counted from 10 randomly selected microscopic fields in each experiment. Statistics consisted of one-way ANOVA followed by the LSD test; *statistical difference at p .05 compared with NCM-only group.) (E): TH expression in cultured cells by Western blotting. The molecular weight of rat and human TH were 60 and 68 kDa, respectively. Rat SN served as positive control. (F): Dopamine concentration in culture medium after HUMSCs were treated with NCM, SHH, and FGF8. (Results represent the mean standard error from three different experiments. Statistics consisted of one-way ANOVA followed by the LSD test; *statistical significance at p .05 compared with DMEM and NCM-only groups.) Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; DBH, dopamine--hydroxylase; DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; LSD, least-significant difference; HUMSC, human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell; NCM, neuronal-conditioned medium; Shh, sonic hedgehog; SN, substantia nigra; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase.

Article Snippet: In stage 3, cells were supplemented with NCM or 10% FBS-DMEM in the presence of the murine N-terminal fragment of sonic hedgehog (SHH) (500 ng/ml, 461-SH, R&D Systems Inc., Minneapolis, http://www.rndsystems.com) and murine FGF8 isoform b (FGF8) (100 ng/ml, 423-F8, R&D Systems Inc.) for 3, 6, 9, or 12 days.

Techniques: In Vitro, Immunocytochemistry, Cell Culture, Incubation, Staining, Expressing, Western Blot, Molecular Weight, Positive Control, Concentration Assay, Modification

Journal: Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio)

Article Title: Conversion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in Wharton's jelly to dopaminergic neurons in vitro: potential therapeutic application for Parkinsonism.

doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0053

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Rotation behavior in response to amphetamine tested at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 months after lesion. A significant decrease in the number of amphetamine-induced turning was seen in animals with grafted cells treated with NCM SHH FGF8 (, n 6) compared with control (lesion-only) animals (F, n 12) and lesioned animals that received grafted cells treated with NCM (E, n 12). Statistics consisted of two-way ANOVA followed by the LSD test. (* Significant difference at p .05 between NCM SHH FGF8-treated group compared with the control and NCM groups at the same time point. # Significant difference at p 0.05 between the control and NCM groups over 1-month intervals.) Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; LSD, least-significant difference; NCM, neuronal- conditioned medium; Shh, sonic hedgehog.

Article Snippet: In stage 3, cells were supplemented with NCM or 10% FBS-DMEM in the presence of the murine N-terminal fragment of sonic hedgehog (SHH) (500 ng/ml, 461-SH, R&D Systems Inc., Minneapolis, http://www.rndsystems.com) and murine FGF8 isoform b (FGF8) (100 ng/ml, 423-F8, R&D Systems Inc.) for 3, 6, 9, or 12 days.

Techniques: Control